Lake District

Topics on This Page

Planning

Goals and Objectives
Vision
Framework
– Context
– Civic Space
– Frontage
– Existing Land Use
– Preferred Land Use
– Development Opportunities
– Existing and Proposed Parking
– Existing and Proposed Landscape
– Pedestrian Improvements

Planning

Goals and Objectives

The twelve overall goals developed by Coeur d'Alene 2020 pertain to the whole city, yet provide a valuable context for the more specific goals and objectives that are directed to the three districts that are the subject of this plan. In briefing the consultant team on its intentions, the LCDC Board conveyed the following directions:

Create an urban design development plan that will provide LCDC with an 'end-state' vision for the URA District.
Guide LCDC tactically and strategically towards investment and growth opportunities in the District.
Provide a plan that is an effective marketing tool to encourage investment by others in the District.
Present the plan so that it will educate the concerned public in Coeur D'Alene.

The Board went on to describe what it expected of the Lake District Strategic Plan, which may be summarized as a series of goals as follows:

Project an air of confidence in Downtown, Midtown and Northwest Boulevard.
Provide a vision for what each of the three districts could become.
Create a plan that is implementation oriented.
Provide guidance on what property LCDC should acquire, and why.
Reconcile zoning with intended uses to help attract development investment.
Be careful to protect established residential communities.
Develop a long-term vision for mass transit, anticipating an eventual need for it.
Build on the Civic Center that is emerging at the east end of McEuen Park.
Give emphasis to the importance of an infrastructure of civic and cultural facilities.
Respond to the growing demand for a diversity of housing choices close to Downtown.

The instructions emphasized implementation, drawing on the wealth of planning that had gone before. Three urban renewal areas had been defined, and the purpose was to demonstrate how goals for the community could be translated into specific actions within each of these areas. Could strategic investments precipitate a series of beneficial changes? How could those strategic moves be identified, and how could several agendas be moved forward at once without massive investments? Each district displays quite different characteristics, all of which must be respected. The plan must begin by recognizing what assets exist in each district, and identify realistic expectations for the future. Consequently, the consultant team created an inventory in a series of framework plans, then projected what is there now into what could realistically be there in the future, outlining a vision for each district. Implementation of that vision will, in each case, be achieved through a great many projects, large and small. Some key projects to begin the transformation are described towards the end of the document.

Vision

A vision for the future in each of the three districts of Downtown, Midtown, and Northwest Boulevard is based on more than just what can happen within their boundaries. Each district must contribute supporting elements of a vision for the entire Coeur d'Alene community. As projects are defined and implemented on specific sites in each district, we must always return to the question – does this project support the vision for Coeur d'Alene?

Coeur d'Alene is a city of unparalleled beauty that is on par with a handful of sought-after communities in the country and the world. Lake Coeur d'Alene and the Spokane River settings combined with an attractive and walkable downtown and a world-class resort make Coeur d'Alene more than just a bedroom community to Spokane. The three districts must reinforce these endowments to allow nothing but the highest quality environment to be built. This implies a certain amount of selectivity – not every project will reinforce the world-class potential and spectacular natural beauty of Coeur d'Alene. The community should accept nothing less than quality and should reject ideas and projects that don't build upon its assets and strengthen its image.

The futures of each of the three districts of Downtown, Midtown and Northwest Boulevard are connected, yet differ in some respects. All benefit from:

Proximity to the lake, parks and other recreational assets;
Mature neighborhoods with relatively inexpensive housing;
Growing influence of higher education;
An attractive main street – Sherman Avenue;
Diverse development opportunities;
Civic champions in the community.

Coeur d'Alene's transition from a resource economy based in mining and timber to one based in tourism and other, as yet undefined, activities is only just beginning. The expected growth of higher education will bring new jobs and investment into the community. Employers in search of an educated workforce will find Coeur d'Alene an increasingly attractive place to locate, bringing jobs and economic growth. Retirees and second-home buyers will continue to discover the region's comfortable lifestyle. Visions for the three districts must build on Coeur d'Alene's existing assets to create sustained affluence on improved livability.

Downtown

Downtown Coeur d'Alene can strengthen its identity with new civic amenities: library, city hall, performing arts center, conference center, museums, galleries, an arts cinema. These would be closely associated with well-appointed parks and public spaces, and would be served by sufficient and inconspicuous parking. There would be more jobs downtown, as older buildings are remodeled or replaced to accommodate a growing number of business. Existing cafes and restaurants would benefit from increased trade, further enlivening the streets.

Mid-priced and high-end condominiums would proliferate downtown, taking advantages of lake and park views, and of proximity to year-round employment, cultural, entertainment and retail facilities. These amenities would also support nearby apartments, townhouses, lofts, and other ownership and rental housing types for all income levels. Downtown retail would become stronger as a result of the new residents and jobs.

Improvements would have a visible effect on Sherman Avenue, extending the vital part of the street east to meet the historic Sherman neighborhood. To the west, active retail would wrap around the corner onto Northwest Boulevard. Front and Lakeside avenues would gain some retail and cultural investment too, with employment and housing filling available lots on these streets and on western parts of Coeur d'Alene and Indiana avenues.

Midtown

Midtown comprises three distinct parts and draws strength from three distinct sources: a flourishing Downtown, a growing Education Corridor to the west, and new employment opportunities to the north.

Midtown is filled with potential, but lacks an incoming flow of residents and investment to realize that potential. Through a mix of housing types, a Midtown of the future would accommodate an influx of students, faculty and administrators from the Education Corridor, downtown professionals and service workers, and seniors who prefer a house to a condominium yet want to be within walking distance of most services. Renovation of existing housing stock would meet some needs, while infill development of low- and mid-priced apartments would satisfy the more transient element. New residents would support the growth of commercial nodes at intersections along 4th Street, creating a lively neighborhood culture. Infill development between the retail nodes would make the street whole again, served by two-way traffic on 3rd and 4th streets south of Harrison with generous on-street parking.

North of Harrison Avenue, a similar pattern would be evident. However, establishment of a major new employment center on the former auto sales lots would provide the infusion of jobs that would reinvigorate both Midtown and the greater community. Added to this would be senior housing within a few blocks of the hospital, and a proliferation of medical offices and other hospital-related businesses.

Northwest Boulevard

Opportunities and challenges are more diverse along Northwest Boulevard than in either Downtown or Midtown. Expansion of the Education Corridor, the eventual build-out of Riverstone, vacation of railroad rights-of-way, development of vacant land both north and south of the I-90 interchange, and the development potential of the Premix property are some of the factors affecting the future of the corridor. Northwest Boulevard is largely disconnected from adjacent neighborhoods. There is no neighborhood at all north of the Fort Grounds although one is planned within the Riverstone project. Grade differences and railroad tracks limit access to the riverfront to a few key intersections.

Capitalizing upon today's opportunities, a Northwest Boulevard of the future would be transformed by new and improved uses along its entire length from Downtown to north of I-90. At the south end, Downtown would seamlessly merge into Northwest Boulevard with commercial infill development and museums near City Park. To the north and west, the civic campus of County and State agencies would include new buildings on many of its parking lots, increasing year-round employment. Further north, a 'university village' of student housing, retail and recreational facilities would serve as an entrance to the Education Corridor from River Avenue.

Expanding this future vision, Riverstone would be completed with a mix of housing, retail, employment and entertainment, and the east side of the boulevard would respond with a mix of infill and redevelopment projects. North of Hubbard Avenue, a new campus of R&D companies spawned by the Education Corridor would have emerged. Part of the Premix property would be under redevelopment for a new high tech company headquarters. Other 'new technology' employers would have secured many of the remaining parcels, which will be served by an extension of the Spokane light rail line. An extension of the line to Downtown would be under construction.

Framework Plans

Framework Plans are so named because they disaggregate complex environments into a number of single topic plans. These enable one to focus on one aspect of the urban environment at a time, recognizing both its successes and its short-comings. Gaps in a system of circulation or greenery become immediately apparent, and necessary remediation becomes obvious. The framework plans that follow in some cases show what is there now (Existing Land Use, for example), and sometimes also show what remediation is suggested (as in the case of Existing and Proposed Landscape). Re-aggregation of the framework plans builds up an instructive image of how a fully functioning urban environment might appear.

Context

The context of Coeur d'Alene in the region, and of the three districts within Coeur d'Alene frame the uses and activities that can be expected to succeed here. It is important that the vision for each district should be practical and achievable. Opportunities close to a freeway intersection are clearly very different from those in an old residential neighborhood. The context framework plan gives this perspective, looking outward from each district to identify external influences on its future performance.

Downtown encompasses the existing downtown central business district. Midtown extends from Foster Avenue to Harrison Avenue north of Downtown. Northwest Boulevard extends from the I-90 area to Garden Avenue and from the ridge to the river. On the east side NW Boulevard is built against the ridge. On the west side the view opens up to the river and lake. The district has five distinct subareas, including I-90; Highway 95 North; Highway 95 South; Riverstone; and the Education Corridor. Riverstone has been strategically planned and therefore not addressed in this plan. The Education Corridor is envisioned as a campus with groupings of cultural and civic buildings in a park setting. There may also be a small "university village", although downtown will be the primary location for related retail and services. This plan recommends that a separate sub-area plan be prepared for the Education Corridor to fully define its special needs and potential.

Civic Space

The Civic Space Framework Plan creates a network of well-developed pedestrian environments that contribute to the district's public realm. This network includes existing and proposed open spaces, boulevards, parkways, pedestrian streets, intersection improvements, and pedestrian/bicycle paths. When fully implemented, this network will integrate the district into the larger downtown context and maximize the potential for a compact, lively, pedestrian-oriented downtown.

The Civic Space Framework Plan includes the following recommendations:

Open Space

Enhance quality of waterfront open spaces for civic uses

Current plans for improvement of McEuen Field do not address its long term potential.
Redesign and expand City Park and Memorial Field.
Expand park character and public access along the river and Northwest Boulevard.
Relocate the park entry at Mullan Road to Garden Avenue toincrease the size and continuity of City Park and its frontage onNorthwest Boulevard.
Enhance the Ft. Sherman historical sites and features
Accommodate new civic and cultural uses (new Museum, Human Rights Center, etc.).
Maintain and enhance views to lake and river.
Preserve and enhance Fort Grounds neighborhood.
Integrate with Education Corridor development.

Boulevards

Provide boulevard landscaping on Northwest Boulevard and Ramsey Road.
Streetscape improvements to include regularly space street trees, surface landscaping, street lighting and unique crosswalk paving.
Landscape major entries (Ramsey Park, Riverstone, Education Corridor, City Park).
Underground utilities.

Campus Parkways

Redevelop the streets within the Education Corridor and existing college campus as campus parkways.
Retain and enhance the quality of residential streets within the Fort Grounds neighborhood.
Develop a comprehensive interpretive and directional signage program within the campus.
Develop and define entry points along Northwest Boulevard (special landscaping, sidewalk treatments and gateway features).

Pedestrian streets

Develop Pedestrian Streets as "green streets" within selected midtown and downtown areas that include pedestrian scale lighting, special sidewalk paving, landscaping, street trees. Pedestrian Streets encourage a mix of transportation modes (pedestrians, bicycles, automobiles, service vehicles and future transit).
Encourage trips on foot in areas of the city where civic, retail, and office uses are concentrated.
Develop 4th Street as a Pedestrian Street in Midtown. Change 3rd and 4th streets to two-way traffic south of Harrison Avenue to encourage pedestrian use and neighborhood district identity.
Capitalize on flat terrain and waterfront views.
Develop Garden Avenue as a Pedestrian Street and east/west, cross-town connection between the Education Corridor and neighborhoods to the east. Invest in housing development and rehabilitation along this corridor.

Intersection improvements

Improve key pedestrian crossings with signalization, special sidewalk and crosswalk paving, and landscaping.

Pedestrian and bicycle paths

Enhance pedestrian and bicycle paths.
Develop connections where gaps occur in the pathway system.
Develop a continuous pathway along the lake and riverfront, when and where feasible.

Bicycle routes

Extend the bicycle circulation network by developing bicycle routes when there is insufficient right-of-way for bicycle paths.
Create an east-west bicycle route on Garden Avenue linking the Education Corridor with neighborhoods to the east.
Link the Government Way bicycle path with a bicycle route connecting to Garden Avenue.

Frontage

The frontages of buildings along urban streets are the strongest determinants of the character and quality of a district. Continuous storefronts along Sherman Avenue create an interesting and attractive walking environment. Blank walls and open parking lots have the opposite effect, discouraging walkers. Only a limited number of block fronts can be lined with retail, but other uses can present friendly and animated frontages to the street. An objective illustrated by the Frontage Framework Plan is to link different land uses throughout the district together so that street environments of consistently attractive quality yet varying character are created. At present, there are numerous discontinuities in block frontages that give the district a scattered or incomplete feeling.

Along 4th Street in Midtown, many buildings have deteriorated or been cleared, creating a prevailing air of dereliction. However, there are some new buildings, and many more that could be renovated. A case could be made for focusing retail activity at a few nodes along 4th, and consolidating housing on other stretches. History has left the remains of a mid-century shopping strip that thrived before the advent of out-of-town shopping centers and big box retailers. The existing frontage must be renovated and replaced to provide a balance of activities that will support a healthy community.

In Northwest Boulevard auto-oriented commercial frontages are recommended north of Highway 95. South of Highway 95, a campus, park-like frontage is recommended on the west side of Northwest Boulevard and primarily civic and residential frontages on the east side.


Frontage Downtown	Midtown Frontage

Frontage NW Blvd South	Frontage NW Blvd North

Existing Land Use

Existing land uses represent expectations and investments made by the owners of each lot. There may be reasons to change uses on some lots, but the prevailing pattern will largely dictate the future character of a district. Changes in land use must therefore be specific and strategic: proposed to achieve a systemic improvement in the community.


Existing Land Use Downtown	Existing Land Use Midtown

Existing Land Use Northwest Blvd South	Existing Land Use Northwest Blvd North

Preferred Land Use

This plan proposes to build on existing assets in each of the three districts, so no wholesale change in land uses is proposed. However, clearer definition in the character of sub-districts is necessary to strengthen communities, and to prevent further erosion of healthy neighborhoods by conversion to inappropriate uses.

The Preferred Land Use framework plan generalizes uses that will predominate in each sub-district. Clearer identity and certainty over the nature of future neighbors is necessary to economic stability. An important objective is to encourage reinvestment in the residential neighborhoods that border Downtown and Midtown, and to do this, the threat of displacement by non- residential uses must be removed. There are other important initiatives to be undertaken before this objective will be accomplished, but from a land use standpoint, certainty about what uses will be supported, and where, is important. Non-conforming uses will continue, and in many cases they can enrich a community, whether it is predominantly residential or commercial. A mix of uses creates vitality, and provides for efficiency in trips between destinations; something that cannot be rivaled in most suburban communities.

In Midtown, changing times have left an incoherent mixture of uses and vacant lots strewn along 4th Street. The Preferred Land Use framework plan suggests that retail and services be focused between Reid and Boise avenues, so that they can reinforce one-another as a local center for the residential neighborhood around it. North of Boise Avenue, retail and services tend to be mostly auto- oriented, and so serve a larger population. Predominant land uses are shown in each sub-district, and there is no intention to exclude multifamily housing, for example, being built to infill vacant lots in the neighborhood center. The objective is a vital center for a revitalized neighborhood. Land uses are just one indication of how that might be achieved.

In Northwest Boulevard land uses are distinct to the sub-areas. The I-90 sub-area is a mix of multi-family residential and auto-oriented commercial. The planned expansion of Ramsey Park will enhance the areas attraction for multi-family development. A boulevard streetscape on Ramsey Road will help tie development to the NW Boulevard corridor to the south. The Highway 95 North sub-district is an auto-oriented commercial district. The Highway 95 South sub-district is more pedestrian-oriented than the area north. Multifamily residential and the County campus on the east and the Education Corridor and related civic and cultural uses on the west will add vitality to this area.


Preferred Land Use Downtown	Preferred Land Use Midtown

Preferred Land Use Northwest Blvd South	Preferred Land Use Northwest Blvd North

Development Opportunities

The Development Opportunities Framework Plan identifies land parcels where redevelopment is encouraged (land/improvement ratio greater than 1.5). Findings:

Downtown and Midtown are dominated by many blocks with buildings of moderate to low investment
Downtown and Midtown are dominated by blocks with substantial surface parking
Concentrations of these parcels occur Downtown on Front, Lakeside, Coeur d'Alene, Indiana and Garden avenues and on 4th Street in Midtown.

As referenced in the Implementation Strategy of this report, these parcels represent key opportunity areas for redevelopment. In most cases, these opportunities may be defined as development "corridors" (e.g., Garden Avenue, Lakeside Avenue, and 4th Street in Midtown). Development of both sides of the corridor should be considered as well as the relationship between corridors and the connections to adjoining neighborhoods.

In the Northwest Boulevard district many parcels fit the criterion of land/ improvement ratio greater than 1.5. Development opportunities are well recognized in this district, including: I-90, Riverstone, Highway 95-South and the Education Corridor. In addition, there is considerable redevelopment opportunity on the west side of Northwest Boulevard in the Highway 95-North sub-area where existing properties are under utilized and in poor condition.


Development Opportunities Downtown	Development Opportunities Midtown

Development Opportunities Northwest Blvd South	Development Opportunities Northwest Blvd North

Existing and Proposed Parking

The Parking Framework Plan proposes an expanded system of public and private parking.

The following approach is recommended Downtown:

Concentrate public and private parking and access on Lakeside Avenue
Maintain public parking at McEuen Field and City Park
Create a parking signage and wayfinding program encouraging parking within the Lakeside Avenue corridor
Maintain and maximize the efficiency of curb parking and access
- Provide short-term parking for business customers and visitors
- Encourage restaurant valet parking
In the mid-term, build a garage for public parking on Lakeside Avenue at a central location Downtown. Locate the vehicular entrance mid-block on Lakeside Avenue to avoid conflicts with turning movements and queues at intersections. Provide retail at street level of the garage to maintain pedestrian- oriented activity. Where feasible, locate stair and elevator cores at the street edge for increased visibility. Provide a high degree of transparency in elevator hoistways and cabs. Adhere to safety-in-design guidelines for parking structures. Maintain good, uniform lighting, and minimize opportunities for personal concealment. Encourage canopies on storefronts to provide weather protection. Design parking garage with appropriate wall material; window opening scale, proportion and pattern. Provide the same quality of human scale, transparency, frontage, and weather protection as required of other buildings at street level. Encourage mid-block parking structures, where feasible, that minimize garage frontage and allow commercial, civic and residential buildings to occupy the corner lots. The location of a public garage should respond to the following goals:
- Serve a variety of development with different peak hour demands, making them more cost-effective by extending their hours of use
- Minimize walking distance for customers
Encourage public and private lots and garages to participate in programs that offer discount parking rates for special events and off-season promotions

In Midtown:

Maintain curb parking on both sides of 4th Street and on all cross streets
Restrict parking lot or garage frontages on 4th Street in proposed neighborhood center mixed-use district
Provide mid-block pedestrian paths to increase pedestrian access on long blocks

In the Northwest Boulevard district the majority of parking is in landscaped off-street lots. This pattern should continue. Curb parking should not be provided on Ramsey Road and Northwest Boulevard to maintain a smooth flow of traffic into the city.


Existing & Proposed Parking Downtown	Existing & Proposed Parking Midtown

Existing & Proposed Parking Northwest Blvd South	Existing & Proposed Parking Northwest Blvd North

Existing and Proposed Landscape

The Landscape Framework Plan proposes improvements in tree cover and landscape open space to enhance the quality of the pedestrian environment. Under this plan, gaps in the existing pattern of street tree within Downtown and Midtown will be filled to provide continuity on street tree corridors. Continuous tree plantings along streets will mitigate urban heat island effects by shading paved areas, create a pleasant pedestrian experience and improve the appearance of Downtown and Midtown.

Specific street tree recommendation include:

Select trees from list of City-approved tree species, for their appropriate size, shape, density, transparency of canopy, surface root habits, fall color, and tolerance to drought and urban conditions. Also consider the benefits of visual continuity and diversity in each location.
Provide irrigation systems for all street trees. Maintain irrigation systems over a normal healthy tree life.
Improve underground root space conditions for trees planted in paving. Incorporate new technologies such as structural soil, air- entrained structural soil, tree trenches, aeration and hydration vents and other designs to increase street tree health and longevity.

Other landscape recommendations include:

Provide special landscape features at Downtown entry points at each end of Sherman Avenue (1st Street and 8th Street)
Provide seasonal color in flower plantings in planter pots at selected Downtown and Midtown locations. Provide a maintenance program for planter pots that ensures attractive appearance through the growing season.
Enhance the landscape quality of the downtown civic and recreational parks (McEuen Field, City Park, and Tubbs Hill). These improvements include enhanced trails and interpretive graphics, gardens and seasonal plantings, shade trees, seating, and areas for special features and events.

Landscape recommendations in Northwest Boulevard include: Provide a planted median and regularly spaced street trees at the back of the sidewalk to reinforce the Boulevard character and spatial enclosure of Northwest Boulevard and Ramsey Road.


Existing & Proposed Landscaping Downtown	Existing & Proposed Landscaping Midtown

Existing & Proposed Landscaping Northwest Blvd South	Existing & Proposed Landscaping Northwest Blvd North

Pedestrian Improvements

To enhance the pedestrian environment, special street classifications are recommended. These are defined as:

Pedestrian Street-Residential

Pedestrian Streets proposed in residential areas are intended to preserve the character and quality of established residential areas in the city. These neighborhoods are defined by mature street trees, a 5 foot sidewalk, wide planting strips and low walls or fences along the property line.

Within a 60 foot street right-of-way, the following functional areas should be provided. Sidewalks should be 5-6 1/2 foot width (5 foot minimum and 6 1/2 foot maximum) with 5 1/2 foot planting strips (including a 6" curb) and regularly spaced street trees. The roadway includes two 10 1/2 foot vehicular lanes and two 7 1/2 foot curb parking areas. Areas at the base of street trees are defined by metal edging to allow for seasonal planting and ground covers that create variety and an opportunity for individual expression by homeowners. Low walls or fences are encouraged at the property line to delineate residential lots and add pedestrian interest. A 1 1/2 foot wide area between the fence or wall and a 5 foot wide sidewalk may be used for seasonal plantings or the sidewalk may be widen to 6 1/2 foot and abut the fence or wall.

Pedestrian Street-Commercial/Mixed Use

Pedestrian Streets proposed in commercial/mixed-use areas are intended to provide for pedestrian activities to "spill out" onto the sidewalk. These uses might include sidewalk cafes, planting tubs, "A" frame signs and other pedestrian amenities. Pedestrian-scaled lighting will add pedestrian interest. The historic fixtures now used downtown or similar fixture should be used. Sidewalk bulbs should be used at intersections to reduce pedestrian crossing distances. These bulbs will create special areas for landscaping and street trees that encourage pedestrian use.

Within a 60 foot street right-of-way, the following functional areas should be provided. Sidewalks should be 10 1/2 foot width. The roadway should include two 12 foot vehicular lanes and two 7 1/2 foot curb parking areas. The 10 1/2 foot sidewalk width is too narrow for street trees. However, street trees may be planted in the sidewalk bulbs.

Within a 70 foot street right-of-way, the following functional areas should be provided. Sidewalks should be 15 1/2 foot width with regularly spaced street trees. The roadway should include two 12 foot vehicular lanes and two 7 1/2 foot curb parking areas. Landscaping under street trees will create variety and an opportunity for individual expression by shop owners.

In Downtown controlled crossings and pedestrian improvements, such as special crosswalk paving and pedestrian signals, are recommended at intersections on Sherman Avenue, Front Avenue, 4th Street and Northwest Boulevard. Crosswalk improvements should also be made on Garden Avenue at 4th Street and Government Way.

In Midtown, special crosswalk paving should be used on 4th Street at Boise, Montana, Roosevelt and Reid avenues.

On Northwest Boulevard/Ramsey Road controlled crossings and pedestrian improvements, similar to those at Lakewood Drive, are recommended at Marie Avenue, Lee Ranch Drive, Appleway Avenue, Ironwood Drive, Lakewood Drive (improved), LaCrosse Avenue, Hubbard Avenue, Lincoln Way, Garden Avenue, and Mullan Road. Pedestrian and bicycle connections to the river should provided at LaCrosse and within the Education Corridor.

Boulevard

Northwest Boulevard and a portion of Ramsey Road are defined as Boulevards. Boulevards are intended to welcome visitors to the city. Street trees at the back edge of the sidewalk and seasonally planted central median provides a distinctive character. Gateways, such as that developed at Riverstone are envisioned at major entries to the Education Corridor.

Within an 80 foot street right-of-way, the following functional areas should be provided. Sidewalks should be 10 1/2 foot width with regularly spaced street trees at the back of the walk in 4 x 12 foot planting areas. Four, 12 foot wide traffic lanes (two lanes in each direction) separated by an 11 foot wide landscaped median should be provided. The median may become a left turn pocket at intersections. No curb parking should be provided to smooth the flow of traffic and emphasis the processional quality of entering the city.

Campus Parkway

Campus Parkways are recommended for the Education Corridor and the peninsula fronting the river and lake west of Northwest Boulevard. Except for the Fort Grounds neighborhood, the peninsula is envisioned as a campus with civic and cultural uses. The Campus Parkway provides curb parking and generous landscaping and pedestrian walkways. Pedestrian-scaled lighting and wide planting areas create a park-like setting.

Within a 70 foot street right-of-way, the following functional areas should be provided. Sidewalks should be 10 foot width separated from the curb by a 7 1/2 foot grass planting strip with regularly spaced street trees. The roadway should provide two 7 1/2 foot curb parking areas and two 10 foot vehicular lanes.


Pedestrian Improvements Downtown	Pedestrian Improvements Midtown

Pedestrian Improvements Northwest Blvd South	Pedestrian Improvements Northwest Blvd North